The Chekutanga(1), base onongorora netsanangudzokutarisa
TheExcavator,Iyo inozivikanwawo semichina yekuchera (michina yekuchera), inozivikanwawo semucheri, muchina unofamba-famba wevhu unoshandisa bhaketi kuchera zvinhu pamusoro kana pasi penzvimbo inotakura uye kuzviisa mumotokari yekutakura kana kuiburitsa kune stockyard.
Zvinhu zvakacherwa nemucheri zvakanyanya ivhu, marasha, silt, ivhu uye dombo mushure mekusunungurwa kwega.Tichitarisa kubva mukuvandudzwa kwemichina yekuvaka mumakore achangopfuura, kuvandudzwa kwevacheri kuri kukurumidza, uye vanochera vave imwe yemichina yakakosha yekuvaka mukuvaka engineering.Iwo matatu akakosha maparameter emucheri: uremu hwekushanda (misa), simba reinjini uye bhakiti, bhaketi kugona.
Theloader, sezvinoreva zita rinoreva "kutakura", basa rayo nderokutakura ivhu parori, mucheki anogonawo kuzviita asi kwete zvakanaka semutakuri, bulldozing inongova mutsara wepadivi pemutoro, uye mutakuri ane vhiri, saka inogona kumhanya mumugwagwa, maExcavator, mabulldozer uye mamwe marudzi evanokambaira anogona chete kutakurwa nematrailer kuendesa saiti yebasa, saka pane kazhinji zvinodiwa zvakakosha zvedhiraivha system yemutoro., michina yekuvaka ivhu nematombo yemapurojekiti ekuvaka akadai sezviteshi nemigodhi.
The Chepiri(2),base onstructuralcheck
Mucherechedzi: Zvimiro zvechichera zvakajairika zvinosanganisira simba rekugadzira simba, chigadziriso chekushanda, slewing mechanism, nzira yekufambisa, nzira yekufambisa, nzira yekufamba uye zvivako zvekubatsira, etc. Nzira yekufambisa inotumira simba rejini kune hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder, nezvimwewo kuburikidza ne hydraulic pombi yezvikamu zvekuuraya kusundira chishandiso chinoshanda kuti chipedze mabasa akasiyana.
Loader: inosanganisira injini, torque inoshandura, giya bhokisi, kumberi uye kumashure dhiraivha maekisi, anonzi sezvikamu zvina zvikuru.
TheChetatu(3), base on Function to check
Excavator: Zvinhu zvakacherwa zvakanyanya ivhu, marasha, silt, ivhu uye dombo mushure mekutanga kusunungurwa.Tichitarisa kubva mukuvandudzwa kwemichina yekuvaka mumakore achangopfuura, kuvandudzwa kwevacheri kuri kukurumidza, uye vanochera vave imwe yemichina yakakosha yekuvaka mukuvaka engineering.
Loader: Inonyanya kushandiswa kufoshoro, kurodha, kuburutsa, kufambisa ivhu uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sematombo.Inogona zvakare kuita maoparesheni akareruka pamatombo nevhu rakaoma.Kana ukashandura zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda, unogonawo kupedzisa basa rebulldozing, kusimudza, kurodha uye kuburitsa zvimwe zvinhu.Mukuvaka migwagwa mikuru, inonyanya kushandiswa kuzadza nekuchera einjiniya yeroadbed, aggregate uye kurodha asphalt uye simende kongiri yadhi.
Chechina(4), base onmutsauko wechikamu kubva kumuenzanisokutarisa
Vacheri: vanogona kukamurwa kuva vacheri vahombe, vepakati pekuchera, vacheri vadiki, vanochera, vanochera mavhiri, hydraulic excavators, mechanical excavators, migodhi yekuchera, marine excavators, special excavators, etc. dzakasiyana siyana.
Vatakuri: Zvinoenderana nesimba reinjini, vanogona kukamurwa kuita madiki anotakura, epakati anotakura uye makuru anotakura.
Excavator classification
Vacheri vanogona kupatsanurwa kuita mafoshoro epamberi, mabackhoes, mitsetse yekukweva nemafoshoro ekubata.Mafoshoro epamberi anonyanya kushandiswa kuchera zvinhu pamusoro pepamusoro, uye mahombe emusana anonyanya kushandiswa kuchera zvinhu pasi pevhu.
Backhoes Backhoes ndiyo yakajairika yati tamboona, ine kumashure-pasi, yakamanikidzwa kucheka.Inogona kushandiswa kuchera pasi pekuvhara kwekushanda kwepamusoro.Nzira dzekutanga dzekuvhiya ndeidzi: kuchera goronga, kuchera parutivi, kuchera mutsara wakatwasuka, kuchera kwakakombama, kuchera neimwe kona, kuchera kwakadzika mugero uye kuchera mugero pamateru.
Pamberi pefoshoro yekuchera
Chimiro chekuita chefoshoro chefoshoro yekuchera yepamberi.Maitiro ayo ndee "mberi uye kumusoro, kumanikidzirwa kutema ivhu".Foshoro yepamberi ine simba guru rekuchera uye inogona kuchera ivhu pamusoro penzvimbo yekumira.Yakakodzera kuchera makomba akaoma enheyo ane hurefu hunodarika 2m, asi kumusoro uye pasi ramps inofanira kuiswa.Bhakiti refoshoro yepamberi yakakura kudarika yebackhoe excavator yezvakafanana, uye inogona kuchera zvinhu zvine mvura isingapfuuri 27%.
Rori yekurasa inobatira pamwe kupedzisa kuchera kwese uye kufambisa basa, uye inogonawo kuchera makomba makuru akaoma ehwaro uye mirwi.Nzira yekuchera yefoshoro yepamberi inobva pamusiyano pakati penzira yekuchera uye nzvimbo yakaenzana yemotokari yekutakura.Kune nzira mbiri dzekuchera nekudzikisa: kuchera mberi uye kuburitsa parutivi;forward digging and reverse Kuburutsa ivhu.
Drag-lineexcavator
Kukweva-mitsara inonziwo kudhonza-mitsara.Maitiro ekuchera kwayo ndeokuti: "kumashure uye pasi, kutema ivhu pasi pehuremu hwayo".Inokodzera kuchera kweKirasi I uye II ivhu pazasi pekumira kwepasi.Paunenge uchishanda, bhakiti rinokandwa kunze neinertial simba, uye kureba kwekuchera kwakakura, uye nzvimbo yekuchera uye kudzika kwekuchera yakakura, asi haina kushanduka uye yakarurama se backhoe.Kunyanya kukodzera kuchera makomba makuru uye akadzika nheyo kana kuchera pasi pemvura.
Loaderimhando yepasi nematombo ekuvaka michina inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumigwagwa, njanji, kuvaka, hydro-simba, chiteshi, migodhi uye mamwe mapurojekiti ekuvaka.Inonyanya kushandiswa kufoshoro zvinhu zvakawanda zvakadai sevhu, jecha, lime, marasha, nezvimwewo, ivhu rakaoma, nezvimwewo pakuchera foshoro.Inogona zvakare kuita bulldozing, kusimudza uye kurodha uye kuburitsa zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sehuni nekushandura akasiyana ekubatsira maturusi ekushanda.Mumigwagwa, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwemigwagwa mikuru-giredhi, maloaders anoshandiswa kuzadza nekuchera mainjiniya emigwagwa, kubatanidza uye kurodha yeasphalt musanganiswa uye simende kongiri yadhi.Pamusoro pezvo, inogona zvakare kuita mashandiro akadai sekusundira ivhu, kukwenya pasi uye kudhonza mimwe michina.Nekuti iyo yekurodha ine mabhenefiti ekukurumidza kushanda kumhanya, kunyatsoshanda, kwakanaka maneuverability, uye nyore kushanda, yave imwe yemhando huru dzekuvaka pasi mukuvaka engineering.
TheCheshanu(5), base onsiyanisa kubva pakushandisakutarisa
Excavator: An excavator imotokari yeinjiniya inoshandiswa kuchera kana kufambisa zvinhu zvikuru.
Loader: Mutakuri anonyanya kushandiswa kufoshoro, kurodha, kuburutsa, kufambisa ivhu uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sematombo, uye anogonawo kuita basa refoshoro rakareruka pamatombo nevhu rakaoma.Kana ukashandura zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda, unogonawo kupedzisa basa rebulldozing, kusimudza, kurodha uye kuburitsa zvimwe zvinhu.Mukuvaka migwagwa mikuru, inonyanya kushandiswa kuzadza nekuchera einjiniya yeroadbed, aggregate uye kurodha asphalt uye simende kongiri yadhi.
TheChetanhatu(6), base onzvikamu zvikurukutarisa
Excavator: Zvakajairwa zvekuchera zvimiro zvinosanganisira simendi yemagetsi, chigadziriso chekushanda, slewing mechanism, manipulation mechanism, transmission mechanism, nzira yekufamba uye zvivako zvekubatsira.Izvo zvakakosha zveiyo yekuchera chassis ndeiyi: rollers, idlers, sprockets, mazino ekutyaira, shangu dze track, uye cheni njanji magungano.
Loader: inosanganisira injini, torque inoshandura, giya bhokisi, kumberi uye kumashure dhiraivha maekisi, anonzi sezvikamu zvina zvikuru.
Basa rakasiyana.The loader inonyanya kushandiswa kufoshorola zvinhu zvakawanda zvakadai sevhu, jecha, lime, marasha, etc. Mucheri anoshandisa bhaketi kuchera zvinhu pamusoro kana pasi pepamusoro pemuchina, uye kuzviisa mumotokari yekutakura kana kuburitsa pasi. -muchina wekufambisa kune stockyard.Zvinhu zvakacherwa zvakanyanya ivhu, marasha, silt, ivhu uye dombo mushure me pr-loosening.Chimiro uye musimboti zvakare zvakasiyana kwazvo.
Vanochera, avo vakanyatsogadzirirwa kuchera, asi vanogona kutakurwa
Iyo loader yakanyatsogadzirirwa kurodha.Haikwanise kushandiswa pakuchera.Iko kurodha kweiyo excavator haina kukurumidza sekurodha.
Vanochera vanoshanda pasi pevhu, nepo forklifts inowanzoshanda pamusoro pevhu.Iyo yekuchera ine simba rekupfuura kuita uye inokodzera nzvimbo idzo mota dzisingakwanisi kuenda semigodhi.Iyo forklift inofambiswa zvakanyanya uye inogona kazhinji kufamba munzira.
An excavator muchina unofambisa ivhu unoshandisa bhaketi kuchera zvinhu pamusoro kana pasi pepamusoro pemuchina, uye kuuisa mumotokari yekutakura kana kuuburusa kune stockyard.Vanochera ndeimwe yemhando dzakanyanya kukosha dzemichina yekuvaka mukuvaka engineering.Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuchera zvivakwa uye nheyo dzemusangano, kuchera ivhu, kubvisa migodhi yakawandisa, makwari, tunnel, pasi pevhu workshops uye stockpiles.Panguva yekurodha mabasa, kuchera migero, migero uye kudhiza nzira dzemvura, kudurura nekusimudza mushure mekuchinja zvishandiso zvekushanda.
Kazhinji kutaura,loader imhando yevhu nematombo ekuvaka muchina anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumigwagwa, njanji, kuvaka, magetsi emvura, chiteshi, migodhi uye mamwe mapurojekiti ekuvaka.Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira foshoro yevhu, jecha, lime, marasha uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda.Inogona zvakare kushandiswa pakareruka foshoro nekuchera maore uye ivhu rakaoma.Inogona zvakare kuita bulldozing, kusimudza uye kurodha uye kuburitsa zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sehuni nekushandura akasiyana ekubatsira maturusi ekushanda.Mumigwagwa, kunyanya mukuvakwa kwemigwagwa mikuru-giredhi, maloaders anoshandiswa kuzadza uye kuchera mugwagwa weinjiniya, kubatanidza uye kurodha yeasphalt musanganiswa uye simende kongiri yadhi.Pamusoro pezvo, inogona zvakare kuita mashandiro akadai sekusundira ivhu, kukwenya pasi uye kudhonza mimwe michina.Nekuti iyo yekurodha ine mabhenefiti ekukurumidza kushanda kumhanya, kunyatsoshanda, kwakanaka maneuverability, uye nyore kushanda, yave imwe yemhando huru dzekuvaka pasi mukuvaka engineering.
Ose ari maviri mashandiro epasi, uye bhaketi remucheri (unowanzozivikanwa semushini wehoko) unogona kuenda pazasi pemutsara wakachinjika.Bhakiti remutakuri rinogona kunge riri pamusoro pemutsara wakatwasuka.Musiyano uripo pakati pezviviri ndezvekuti zvine mashandisirwo akasiyana uye dzimwe nguva anogona kutsiva mumwe nemumwe.Kune marudzi akawanda echimwe nechimwe.Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, huwandu hukuru hwezvishandiso mundege yakatwasuka inotakurwa pane inotakura, iyo ine yakakura bhaketi kugona, kuchinjika kufamba, kukwirira kwekutakura uye hupfumi hwakanaka.Nekudaro, kurodha zvinhu uye basa rekuchera pazasi pezinga rinogona kuitwa chete nevacheri.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-18-2022
