Excavator, inozivikanwawo semichina yekuchera, ndeyeinofamba-pasi muchina unoshandisa bhaketi kuchera zvinhu pamusoro kana pazasi penzvimbo inotakurwa uye kuaisa mumotokari yekutakura kana kuuturunura kuchitoro.Panguva ino takaita ongororo yakadzama yeiyo excavator yekufamba system uye zvikanganiso zvakajairika.
1. Excavator kufamba system
(1) Zvimiro zvechigadzirwa chekufamba
Nekuti mudziyo wekufambisa une mabasa maviri erutsigiro nekushanda kwehydraulic excavator, mudziyo wekufambisa wehydraulic excavator unofanirwa kuita zvinotevera zvinodikanwa sezvinobvira:
1. Inofanira kunge iine simba guru rekufambisa, kuitira kuti mucheki ave nekushanda kwakanaka kwekupfuura, kukwira kwekuita uye kushandiswa kwekufambisa paunenge uchifamba pamvura yakanyorova kana yakapfava kana isina kuenzana.
2 Pasi pechikonzero chekusawedzera kureba kwegiya rekumhanya, mucheri ane nzvimbo yakakura yevhu kuti ivandudze kushanda kwayo kwekunze kwemugwagwa pane isina kuenzana pasi.
3. Chishandiso chekufamba chine nzvimbo yakakura yekutsigira kana diki yekudzika yakananga kumanikidza kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemucheri.
4. Kana mucheki achidzika pasi pamateru, chiitiko chekutsvedza uye overspeed sliding hazvizoitiki, kuitira kuti uvandudze kuchengetedzwa kwemucheri.
5. Izvo zviyero zvose zvechigadzirwa chekufamba zvinofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekufambisa kwemugwagwa.
Chishandiso chekufamba che hydraulic excavator chinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: crawler type uye tire type zvinoenderana nechimiro.
(2) Vanochera uye vanochera matayi
1. Crawler mhando yekufamba mudziyo
Chimbo chekufamba chinokambaira chinoumbwa ne "mavhiri mana nebhandi rimwe" (Idler,top roller,track roller,sprocekt rim,tension link assy), tensioning device uye buffer spring, fambiro mberi, furemu yekufambisa, nezvimwewo. kumhanya, vhiri rekutyaira rinotyaira Yin uye rinogadzika Yin (inotsigira Yin) padivi penzira kuti ibudise simba rekudhonza, mukuyedza kuburitsa track kunze kweiyo track roller, nekuti track iri pasi pevhiri vhiri ine kukwana kwakakwana. pasi., kudzivirira kudhonza-kunze kwenjanji, kumanikidza vhiri redhiraivha kuti ritenderere track, uye giro rekutungamira kuisa track pasi, kuitira kuti mucheki amhanyire mberi achitevedza track track ne roller.
2. Wheel-type yekufamba mudziyo.Kune akawanda maumbirwo emhando yetire-type hydraulic excavator yekufamba mudziyo.Kune mavhiri tirakita chassis anoshandisa yakajairwa mota chassis, asi tire-mhando hydraulic yekuchera ine yakakura zvishoma bhakiti reti uye yakakwirira kushanda kwekuita zvinodiwa kunotora yakakosha matayi-mavhiri chassis ekumhanya giya.
1) Hapana anobuda kunze, mavhiri ese anofamba, turntable yakarongedzwa pakati pemaekisi maviri, uye maekisi maviri ane vhiribase rimwe chete.Zvakanakira ndezvekuti izvo zvinobuda zvakasiiwa, chimiro chiri nyore, mashandiro acho ari nyore panzvimbo dzakamanikana dzekuvaka, uye maneuverability yakanaka.Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvekuti ekisi yekutungamirira ine hombe isina kunaka yakachekwa kana mucheri achifamba, uye kufambisa basa kunonetsa kana kuti hydraulic assist device inoda kuiswa.Naizvozvo, chigadziriso chekufamba chechimiro ichi chinokodzera chete kune madiki matayi hydraulic excavators.
2) Kaviri kubuda, ese-vhiri dhiraivha, iyo turntable inorerekera kune rimwe divi reyakagadziriswa axis (kumashure axle).Hunhu hwayo ndeiyi: kurerutsa mutoro wekutungamirira axle uye ita kuti basa rekufambisa rive nyore;vanobuda kunze vakaiswa padivi peiyo shaft yakagadziriswa kuti ivimbise kugadzikana kweiyo yekuchera panguva yekushanda.Iri rudzi rwechishandiso chekufamba chinonyanya kushandiswa mune diki tire-mhando hydraulic excavators.
3) Makumbo mana, single-axis drive, turntable iri kure nepakati.Hunhu hwayo ndeiyi: kugadzikana kwakanaka.Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti: kutyaira panzvimbo yakapfava kuchaita makomba matatu emavhiri, kuramba kwekutyaira kuchawedzera, uye kugadzikana kwepashure kweatatu fulcrum chassis kwakashata.Nokudaro, rudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa chekufamba chinokodzera chete kune zviduku zviduku.
4) Makumbo mana, ese-gumbo dhiraivha, iyo turntable iri padyo nedivi reyakagadziriswa axle (kumashure axle).Hunhu hwayo ndeiyi: nyore kushanda, yakaderera zvinodiwa pasi.
Zviviri zvakajairika kuongorora kukanganisa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko
1. Injini inomhanya inodonha
Kutanga, edza simba rinobuda rejini pachayo.Kana simba rekubuda reinjini rakaderera pane rakarongerwa simba, chikonzero chekutadza chinogona kunge chisina kunaka kwemafuta, kuderera kwemafuta, kubvumidzwa kwevhavha isina kururama, imwe silinda yeinjini isingashande, jekiseni remafuta nguva isiriyo, mafuta Iko kukosha kwekugadzika kwehuwandu hakuna kunaka, iyo mhepo yekudyara system iri kubuda, bhureki uye joystick yaro hazvina kunaka, uye turbocharger icoke.
2. Kana simba rinobuda rejini rakajairika, unofanirwa kutarisa kana iri zvinonhuwira nokuti chiyero chekuyerera kwe hydraulic pump hachifananidzi simba rinobuda rejini.Iko kumhanya kweiyo hydraulic excavator inopesana nehupamhi hwekumanikidza panguva yekushanda, ndiko kuti, chigadzirwa cheyero yekuyerera uye kubuda kwekumanikidza kwepombi kunogara kuripo, uye simba rekubuda repombi rinogara riripo kana rinenge risingaperi.Kana iyo pombi yekudzora sisitimu ikatadza, iyo yakakwana mutoro wekufananidza mamiriro einjini, pombi uye vharafu mumamiriro akasiyana ekushanda hazvizowanikwe, uye mucheki haashande zvakajairika.Kukundikana kwakadaro kunofanira kutanga nemagetsi emagetsi, wozotarisa hydraulic system, uye pakupedzisira chengetedza mechanical transmission system.
3. Mucheri haana simba
Kuchera kusina simba ndechimwe chezvikanganiso zvevacheri.Kushaya simba mukuchera kunogona kukamurwa kuva marudzi maviri: imwe kushaya simba mukuchera, injini haina kubata motokari, uye mutoro wakareruka:
Rudzi rwechipiri nderekushaya simba mukuchera.Kana boom kana kuti tsvimbo yakawedzerwa kusvika pasi, injini inodzipwa zvakanyanya kana kutomira.
1. Kuchera hakuna simba asi injini haibati mota.Saizi yesimba rekuchera inotarwa nekudzvanywa kwepombi huru, uye kana injini yakabhurwa zvinoenderana nehukama huri pakati pekutorwa kwepombi yeoiri yerotary cabinet uye torque yekubuda kweinjini.Izvo zvekuti injini haina kumira zvinoratidza kuti pombi yemafuta inotora kabati diki inotenderera uye mutoro weinjini wakareruka.Kana pasina kukanganisa kwakajeka mukumhanya kwekushanda kwemucheri, iyo yakanyanya kubuda kudzvinyirira kwepombi huru, ndiko kuti, iyo system overflow pressure, inofanira kuongororwa.
2. Kana iyo yakayerwa kukosha kwekumanikidzika kwemvura yakaderera kudarika kukosha kwakatarwa, inoratidza kuti kukosha kwekugadzika kwevhavhavha yekuyamura yakanyanyisa ye hydraulic circuit yemuchina haina kururama, izvo zvinoita kuti nzira yacho iwedzere nguva isati yasvika uye inoshanda zvisina simba. .Ipapo muchina unogona kugadziriswa nekushandura screwing screw.
3. Kuchera hakuna simba, uye injini inomira.Injini yekutandarira inoratidza kuti kunyudza torque yepombi yemafuta yakakura kudarika torque yeinjini, zvichiita kuti injini iwedzere.Kutadza kwerudzi urwu kunofanirwa kutanga kutarisisa kana injini yekumhanyisa inonzwa system yakajairika, uye nzira yekuongorora yakafanana nenzira yekuongorora injini inotsanangurwa pamusoro.Mushure mekuongorora kwakadzama uye kugadzirisa dambudziko, injini yekumhanyisa inonzwa system inodzokera kune yakajairika basa, chiitiko cheinjini chinonyangarika, uye simba rekuchera rinodzokera kune zvakajairika.
4. Zvikanganiso zvakajairika mukuchera, zvimwe zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika zvinowanzoitika mumucheri mubasa rekuvaka, zvakadai se: mucheki anomhanya-mhanya, chikonzero chingave chokuti kufamba kugovera mafuta chisimbiso (inozivikanwawo secenter rotary). joint oil seal) yakakuvadzwa: hydraulic cylinder Rapid leakage inogona kureva kuti vharafu yekuyamura haina kuvharwa zvakasimba, kana cylinder mafuta chisimbiso chakakuvadzwa zvakanyanya, nezvimwe.
5. Kuchengetedza kwezuva nezuva kwekuchera Kuti udzivise kukundikana kwemucheri, zvakakosha kubhadhara zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kwemucheki panguva yekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva.
Kuchengetedza kwezuva nezuva kunosanganisira kutarisa, kuchenesa kana kutsiva air filter element: kuchenesa mukati megadziriro yekutonhora: kutarisa uye kusimbisa track shoe bolts: kutarisa uye kugadzirisa track back tension: kutarisa kupinza air heater: kutsiva mazino ebhakiti: kugadzirisa bucket clearance: kutarisa hwindo repamberi Kuchenesa mvura yemvura: Tarisa uye gadzirisa air conditioner;chenesa pasi mutekisi;tsiva iyo crusher filter element (optional).
Pachine zvikanganiso zvakawanda zvinosangana nevacheri mubasa rezuva nezuva.Pano ingori sumo kune nzira dzekuchengetedza dzemhando dzinoverengeka dzakajairika dzezvikanganiso, uye chinangwa ndechekuderedza kuitika kwezvikanganiso, izvo zvakakosha zvakanyanya pakuchengetedza kwezuva nezuva kwevacheri.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-27-2022
